Cheap cuts of beef

Flank steak is a cut taken from the underbelly, or the flank, of the cow. It is sometimes used interchangeably with skirt steak but they are different cuts (though the textures are similar). Flank steak has a reputation for being tough in texture, partly due to its shape. It has a thick and a thin end, and not a lot of connective tissue and fat ...Conclusion. The only option for a true Philly cheesesteak is ribeye steak. The original choice was ribeye, but you can also use flank, skirt, top round, sirloin, or any other cut that cooks into tender, thin strips. For the best results, only purchase grass-fed and grass-finished beef.When it comes to enjoying a delectable cut of beef tenderloin, quality is key. The succulent and tender nature of this cut makes it a favorite among steak lovers. One of the best p...Bulk Beef. This primal is rich in meat and marbling, which helps add flavor and tenderize the surrounding meat. Although rich in flavor, chuck cuts are not as tender as the elegant middle steak primals; consequently, they are perfectly suited to pot roasts and braising cooking. This primal cut is also the most popular source for ground beef ...Usually one of the cheaper cuts, it's got plenty of flavor and not too much fat so whatever you're cooking it with won't end up greasy. Stew meat tends to dry up and become tough if you grill, roast, or pan-fry. But the instant pot or slow cooker keeps the moisture in and it stays tender (like it would if it was in a stew). bigpoosy • 3 yr. ago. It really isn't too much trouble to cut out the breast meat from a skin on, bone in chicken breast and the price difference is definitely worth the bother. (6) FLAT STEAK: These three steaks, the Flank Steak, Skirt Steak, and Hanger Steak used to be so cheap that butchers used them up for ground beef. Beef tenderloin is a premium cut of meat known for its tenderness and succulent flavor. Cooking a beef tenderloin may seem intimidating, but with the right techniques and know-how,...Sirloin Tip Center. Characteristics: The most tender muscle in the round tip (sirloin tip/peeled knuckle), this cut is lean and proves to be a fast roast. Basic Cooking Method: Sear using a high ...Thanks to Porter Road for bringing and butchering the beef. Visit https://www.porterroad.com/Ethan to get 15% off your first Porter Road order for high quali...Acidic ingredients have a similar effect on the texture of meat. Acids help to weaken the tough muscle fibers, so lemon, lime, and orange juices not only add some freshness to your red meat, but they help make it an incredible bite. Just be sure your marinade is balanced; adding too much acid can have the opposite effect and toughen …It really isn't too much trouble to cut out the breast meat from a skin on, bone in chicken breast and the price difference is definitely worth the bother. (6) FLAT STEAK: These three steaks, the Flank Steak, Skirt Steak, and Hanger Steak used to be so cheap that butchers used them up for ground beef. Some of the cheapest cuts of beef to smoke include chuck roast, brisket, and flank steak. Chuck roast is an excellent option because it is affordable and has a lot of marbling, which makes it perfect for smoking. Smoke takes about 6-8 hours and costs around $3-$4 per pound. Let the steak rest, uncovered, on a plate on your counter. (Step 4b might be to lock up your dog.) Leave the steak for about 1 hour per inch up to a maximum of 2 hours. Rinse the steak thoroughly, and then pat dry with paper towel. (Unless you want a salt lick instead of a steak.) Grill it.1. Chuck Roast. Chuck roast is the best beef brisket substitute. It’s more affordable than beef brisket, which is why some people call it “poor man’s brisket.”. It comes from the beef chuck primal - the section above the brisket. It’s …Tying the roast makes it compact and evenly shaped. Place the roast inside a roasting pan, uncovered. Place he meat thermometer in the roast so the tip reaches the center of the thickest part. Set ...Instructions. In a large skillet, heat the oil. Season the trimmings with salt and pepper and brown in the hot oil. Remove to slow cooker. Fry onion in drippings in the pan until brown. Remove onion to slow cooker. Deglaze the pan with the beer, scraping up any brown bits.Beef ribs can be hard to find but are well worth the effort. What can confuse things is that a few different cuts of beef are sometimes sold under the label ‘beef ribs’. What you really want is ribs from the chuck plate. Like baby back ribs, beef ribs are relatively quick to smoke. They need about 5 hours in the smoker.Another misconception about beef is that the most expensive cuts will always be the best for making meals like beef stew. “The most expensive cuts are usually not well-suited to stewing,” explains Koide.“Tenderloin, ribeye, strip, and similar cuts have come to be priced higher because they are pretty straightforward to cook as steaks.”The 9 best cheap steak cuts to grill. 1. Chuck eye steak. C ourtesy of Porterroad.com. Often known as the “poor man’s ribeye,” the confusingly named chuck eye steak is the result of butchers slicing a …The Key To Making Cheap Cuts Of Steak Taste Better. Story by Megan Wesley. • 11mo • 3 min read. There's something special you can do to transform your steak into a meal worthy of a restaurant.Nov 22, 2022 ... Lamb neck is usually a cheaper cut and great for stews, like Thomasina Miers'. Lamb neck is generally a very economical cut that's a winner in ...Heat oil in a large nonstick pan or well-seasoned cast iron pan until hot (*Footnote 1). Cook the beef in two batches. Spread the beef with minimal overlapping. Cook until the bottom side turns golden brown, 45 seconds to 1 minute. Flip and cook the other side for 30 to 45 seconds, until lightly browned.Feb 27, 2024 · Deglaze the pan you seared the meat in with stock or alcohol to add even more depth. Try red wine or perhaps a splash of Cognac, the fruity liquor Ina Garten uses to boost beef stew. A low oven temperature of around 300 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal for braising top round, which could take several hours, depending on the size of the cut. Per J. Kenji López-Alt in Serious Eats, you should salt your steaks at least 40 minutes before cooking and up to overnight for the best results. Some recipe publications have also touted the idea of using baking soda to tenderize beef. To do this, you either briefly submerge smaller pieces of beef in a solution of baking …Set the oven thermometer inside the oven close to the pan. Roast uncovered at exactly 250 F until the internal temperature of the roast reaches exactly 130 F (approximately 2 to 2 1/4 hours for a ...Beef Shoulder or Chuck Roast. • Slow-Cooker Pot au Feu (can also be made with shanks) • Pot Roast from Simply Recipes. • Beef Bourguignon from Epicurious. Beef Brisket. • Friday Night Slow-Cooked Brisket and Onions. • Corned Beef. Pork Shoulder (Picnic or Boston Butt) • Slow-cooked Pork Roast Two Ways.If you’re a meat lover and enjoy cooking at home, there’s nothing quite like the taste of a perfectly cooked beef tenderloin. This premium cut of meat is known for its tenderness a...Skirt steak is one of the best ways to enjoy steak at a reasonable price, with USDA Choice cuts of Angus beef skirt steak costing around $9 per pound. Coming from the underbelly of the cow, skirt steak is usually pretty long and thin, and it carries a …The way we break down beef comes down to cultural preferences. On top of that, meat-cutting can vary further from butcher to butcher and day to day, since most cow parts can be fabricated (that means broken down, in butcher-speak) into several different cuts, with some cuts having multiple different names. Barbecue Beef Shank. Forgo the short ribs and use shank. The latter is similar but costs less and generally comes with the bone in. Separate the bone for a quick and easy recipe like the one below, which packs in additional flavor with brown sugar, Hungarian paprika, garlic powder, thyme, and more. Apr 15, 2022 · 2. Round Roast ~ $7 a pound. This might be cheating because a round roast or a round steak is like three amazing cuts of meat at once: top round, eye of round, and bottom round. This lean cut is ... Mar 30, 2023 · USDA defines lean red meat as that which contains less than 10 total grams of fat for a 3.5-ounce serving. Lean cuts of beef include top sirloin steak, eye of round roast, and top round roast. These lean and extra lean cuts are excellent when slow-cooked and are also ideal for making jerky at home. We prefer eye of round for making jerky over ... The cuts listed below all have their uses, but jerky isn’t one of them. Avoid these cuts unless you enjoy spending way too much time and money to make subpar jerky! 3. Skirt. Skirt steaks absolutely explode with flavor, so they’re commonly used in dishes like fajitas, Philly cheesesteaks, and stir-fries.Apr 17, 2023 · Chuck Eye Steak. The chuck eye steak is nicknamed the "poor man's rib-eye" by butchers, and it is a fabulous alternative to the splurge steak it is compared to. Known for its rich and beefy flavor, this cut comes from a part of the cow that normally needs low-and-slow cooking methods, like braising, to become tender. You, as the cook, need to add moisture back into eye of round using oil or butter. Bashinsky likes to cook it quickly, like a steak. Here's how: "Put it in a roasting …2. Work Out Your Exact Meat Intake. With a daily energy requirement of 2,000 calories in mind, let's craft the ideal meal plan. Typically, beef, chicken, and pork cuts contain around 600 calories per pound, but opting for fattier cuts can boost that to 800 calories.Sep 16, 2022 · Flat Iron Steak. Flat iron is becoming increasingly popular. It comes from the cow’s shoulder and is known by a few other names too, including top blade steak and shoulder top blade steak. Despite being fairly inexpensive, flat iron steak is a tender cut, sometimes even more so than the tenderloin, which is impressive. Deglaze the pan you seared the meat in with stock or alcohol to add even more depth. Try red wine or perhaps a splash of Cognac, the fruity liquor Ina Garten uses to boost beef stew. A low oven temperature of around 300 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal for braising top round, which could take several hours, …The Crossword Solver found 35 answers to "cut of beef (5)", 5 letters crossword clue. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. Enter the length or pattern for better results. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . Enter a Crossword Clue.The usual way to cook it is a crock pot or similar - the familiar grey "pot roast". But when cooked sous vide at 130 - 138 F for 24 to 48 hours, it's a lusciously tender, rare to medium-rare roast of beef. It's fairly lean and pretty cheap compared to many other cuts of beef. 1. orangesrhyme.Chuck roast is pretty versatile, especially if you have a sous vide. A SV will make a lot of cheaper cuts very usable; stick a Chuck in for 36 hours and you’ve got a super tender flavorful roast, almost like prime rib. Short ribs / ribs also do well in the SV. Eye of round will yield roast beef.Preheat the oven to 500F (Yes, 500F). While it is preheating, Combine all of the spices in a small bowl, mixing well. Place the top round roast in a casserole dish and rub it vigorously with the seasoning mix, make sure to rub the ends with seasoning too. Turn the roast so the fattiest side is facing UP. Place the …Barbecue Beef Shank. Forgo the short ribs and use shank. The latter is similar but costs less and generally comes with the bone in. Separate the bone for a quick and easy recipe like the one below, which packs in additional flavor with brown sugar, Hungarian paprika, garlic powder, thyme, and more.Try a pot roast. Get a 2-3 pound chuck roast, brown it in a put or Dutch oven, remove and cook some veggies in the fat, add meat back, add broth/wine/crushed tomatoes, cover and cook at 250-350 until meat is fork tender (couple hours depending on temp and size). Pull the meat, slice it, serve with veggies and juices.Jul 25, 2019 ... The five best cuts of steak to buy when you're on a budget are: boneless sirloin, skirt steak, hanger steak, shoulder steak and flat iron steak.Jan 10, 2024 · 1 Beef Cuts Chart. 2 Cuts of Beef Diagram and Infographic. 3 The Meat of the Article — All the Different Beef Cuts. 4 Chuck. 4.1 Blade Chuck Roast. 4.2 Blade Chuck Steak. 4.3 7-Bone Chuck Roast. 4.4 Chuck Center Roast. 4.5 Chuck Center Steak. Aug 8, 2022 ... Follow me on Instagram: Practical Carnivore @ https://www.instagram.com/practical_carnivore/ For inquiries email: ... It also makes excellent shredded beef, great as a roast or stew, and good flavorful burgers if you have a grinder. Usually has good marbling and the fat is on one side and easy to trim off. One of my favorite cheap cuts. Ball tip or Petite Sirloin is another good cheap cut that can be grilled/roasted/chunked for stew, but it doesnt shred well. Slow cooking cheap cuts of beef is an economical way to make a tender, satisfying meal. The low, slow temperature of the slow cooker breaks down the connective tissue in cheap cuts of meat and ...Sep 25, 2022 · 1. Soak the beef in water and baking soda for a cheap solution. You only need a small amount of baking soda, as little as a 1/4 teaspoon (1.5 g). Add it to 3⁄4 pound (0.34 kg) of meat that hasn't been sliced or cut. Add just enough water to cover the beef in a narrow bowl or pan, and soak the meat for 15 minutes. Dec 10, 2022 ... The Round Beef Cut is inexpensive and tough and is often used for hamburger. The Top Round Beef Steak is versatile and can be used in many ...Conclusion. The only option for a true Philly cheesesteak is ribeye steak. The original choice was ribeye, but you can also use flank, skirt, top round, sirloin, or any other cut that cooks into tender, thin strips. For the best results, only purchase grass-fed and grass-finished beef.Nov 22, 2022 ... Lamb neck is usually a cheaper cut and great for stews, like Thomasina Miers'. Lamb neck is generally a very economical cut that's a winner in ...Beef Shoulder or Chuck Roast. • Slow-Cooker Pot au Feu (can also be made with shanks) • Pot Roast from Simply Recipes. • Beef Bourguignon from Epicurious. Beef Brisket. • Friday Night Slow-Cooked Brisket and Onions. • Corned Beef. Pork Shoulder (Picnic or Boston Butt) • Slow-cooked Pork Roast Two Ways.American and Canadian American cuts of beef (clickable) The following is a list of the American primal cuts, and cuts derived from them. Beef carcasses are split along the axis of symmetry into "halves", then across into front and back "quarters" (forequarters and hindquarters). Canada uses identical cut names (and numbering) as the US, with the …It really isn't too much trouble to cut out the breast meat from a skin on, bone in chicken breast and the price difference is definitely worth the bother. (6) FLAT STEAK: These three steaks, the Flank Steak, Skirt Steak, and Hanger Steak used to be so cheap that butchers used them up for ground beef.The way we break down beef comes down to cultural preferences. On top of that, meat-cutting can vary further from butcher to butcher and day to day, since most cow parts can be fabricated (that means broken down, in butcher-speak) into several different cuts, with some cuts having multiple different names.Chuck roast is pretty versatile, especially if you have a sous vide. A SV will make a lot of cheaper cuts very usable; stick a Chuck in for 36 hours and you’ve got a super tender flavorful roast, almost like prime rib. Short ribs / ribs also do well in the SV. Eye of round will yield roast beef.Ranchera Meat. Photo credit: Two Cloves Kitchen. Ranchera meat, or flap steak, is the most common cut of beef used for carne asada. It lends itself well to marinating, then grilling over high heat. This recipe will teach you how to create a flavorful carne asada using ranchera meat! Get the Recipe: Ranchera Meat.Barbecue Beef Shank. Forgo the short ribs and use shank. The latter is similar but costs less and generally comes with the bone in. Separate the bone for a quick and easy recipe like the one below, which packs in additional flavor with brown sugar, Hungarian paprika, garlic powder, thyme, and more.Set the oven thermometer inside the oven close to the pan. Roast uncovered at exactly 250 F until the internal temperature of the roast reaches exactly 130 F (approximately 2 to 2 1/4 hours for a ...There’s an easier way to know which cuts of meat are best for pressure cooking and which are not. The tricky cuts are premium lean meats without bones or skin and little to no fat. They’re the ones you’d chop-up in little pieces and brown in a saute’ pan and they’d be ready in 5 minutes. And the best cuts, are usually cheap, fatty ...Aug 24, 2016 · It's thicker than a skirt, so it can take a little more sear and char on the grill. ⑧ Culotte. This cut comes from the top sirloin section and can be cut into a roast or a steak. "The meat ... Cheap Red Meat Recipes with Cheaper Cuts of Beef. Swiss Steak. Steak Tips. Teres Major, the Faux Filet. Skirt Steak wi th Chimichurri. Skillet Cheese Steak with Cauliflower (look for frozen chipped steak when it’s on sale) Ropa Vieja (Cuban braised flank steak) Chuck Roast (not always cheap, but leftovers make more meals).Another cheap option that almost no articles mention is beef jerky. Truly, any cut of meat can be transformed into beef jerky simply by thinly slicing it against the grain, marinating it overnight, and then smoking it at around 160-180F for 6-10 hours. However, leaner cuts of meat work best for jerky. This is because the …Aug 8, 2022 ... Follow me on Instagram: Practical Carnivore @ https://www.instagram.com/practical_carnivore/ For inquiries email: ...10 Budget-Friendly Cuts of Meat · Ribs (pork or beef) · Flat steak (flank, hanger or skirt) · Ground beef or ground turkey · Beef brisket · Pork ...4. Chuck Tenders. Waylon said chuck tenders often get the short shrift because it doesn’t look like its much meat, but with this steak cut, looks are deceiving. Chuck tenders (aka mock tenders) look like a beef tenderloin, but are smaller and cheaper.2. Round Roast ~ $7 a pound. This might be cheating because a round roast or a round steak is like three amazing cuts of meat at once: top round, eye of round, and bottom round. This lean cut is ...Beef short ribs are a delicious and flavorful cut of meat that can be cooked in various ways. One popular method is marinating or rubbing the ribs with flavorful ingredients to enh...Beef ribs can be hard to find but are well worth the effort. What can confuse things is that a few different cuts of beef are sometimes sold under the label ‘beef ribs’. What you really want is ribs from the chuck plate. Like baby back ribs, beef ribs are relatively quick to smoke. They need about 5 hours in the smoker.Brisket. The Spruce. Untrimmed beef brisket is still one of the least expensive cuts of beef you can buy. Of course, once cooked low and slow, it loses …Maleny Black Angus Beef. Location: Maleny. Maleny Black Angus Beef has ‘A Taste’, which is 1/8 Beast for $14.50/kg, a mixed quarter for $13.50/kg, and a half-beast option for $12.50 per kilogram. Delivery Area: Sunshine Coast, …10 Budget-Friendly Dinners With Meat. Just because you are cooking on a budget doesn't mean you have to avoid meat. Sourcing affordable cuts of meat (including chuck and ground meats), choosing chicken thighs instead of pricey breasts, and opting for canned fish like tuna and salmon instead of fresh can all keep your favorite proteins on …Deglaze the pan you seared the meat in with stock or alcohol to add even more depth. Try red wine or perhaps a splash of Cognac, the fruity liquor Ina Garten uses to boost beef stew. A low oven temperature of around 300 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal for braising top round, which could take several hours, …10. T-Bone Steak. The T-bone steak is easily one of the most iconic cuts of beef, offering a two-for-one experience. It features the strip steak on one side — flavorful and with a decent amount of tenderness, boasting a bold, beefy taste. On the flip side is the tenderloin, prized for its extremely tender texture.Jan 14, 2023 · The beef short loin is only about 16 to 18 inches long. It will yield anywhere from 11 to 14 steaks, depending on thickness. The steaks from the short loin are cut starting at the rib end and working toward the rear. The first-cut steaks are club steaks or bone-in strip steaks. Chuck roast is pretty versatile, especially if you have a sous vide. A SV will make a lot of cheaper cuts very usable; stick a Chuck in for 36 hours and you’ve got a super tender flavorful roast, almost like prime rib. Short ribs / ribs also do well in the SV. Eye of round will yield roast beef.4. Chuck Tenders. Waylon said chuck tenders often get the short shrift because it doesn’t look like its much meat, but with this steak cut, looks are deceiving. Chuck tenders (aka mock tenders) look like a beef tenderloin, but are smaller and cheaper.This helps to break down the muscle fibers and make the beef more tender. Marinades – Marinating the beef in a mixture of soy sauce, rice wine, and cornstarch can help to tenderize it and infuse it with flavor. Cooking methods – The best cooking methods for Mongolian beef are stir-frying, grilling, broiling, and baking.The Key To Making Cheap Cuts Of Steak Taste Better. Story by Megan Wesley. • 11mo • 3 min read. There's something special you can do to transform your steak into a meal worthy of a restaurant.With ribeyes averaging over $30 per pound, a standing rib roast can easily run you into the hundred (s). Enter Thor’s hammer, a bone-in beef shank with the top two inches of bone exposed and ...Nov 15, 2022 · 01 Denver. Also known as: Bottom chuck, underblade centre cut, cap of the chuck. What to ask your butcher for: The top of the chuck steak, a muscle that sits before the shoulder blade. It’s ... Jan 19, 2024 ... Ground turkey can replace ground beef in most recipes. It's much less expensive and almost always has less fat content than ground beef (make ... It also makes excellent shredded beef, great as a roast or stew, and good flavorful burgers if you have a grinder. Usually has good marbling and the fat is on one side and easy to trim off. One of my favorite cheap cuts. Ball tip or Petite Sirloin is another good cheap cut that can be grilled/roasted/chunked for stew, but it doesnt shred well. 1 Beef Cuts Chart. 2 Cuts of Beef Diagram and Infographic. 3 The Meat of the Article — All the Different Beef Cuts. 4 Chuck. 4.1 Blade Chuck Roast. 4.2 Blade Chuck Steak. 4.3 7-Bone Chuck Roast. 4.4 …Sep 16, 2022 · Flat Iron Steak. Flat iron is becoming increasingly popular. It comes from the cow’s shoulder and is known by a few other names too, including top blade steak and shoulder top blade steak. Despite being fairly inexpensive, flat iron steak is a tender cut, sometimes even more so than the tenderloin, which is impressive. Thinly slicing cheap cuts of beef can be a game-changer when it comes to stir-fries. The quick cooking time and high heat of stir-frying help overcome the toughness of the meat. Add some vegetables, soy sauce, ginger, and garlic to the stir-fry and watch as the flavors come together. In just a few minutes, you’ll have a …Ask for help. Talk to your neighborhood butcher or meat counter clerk for recommendations on how to get the most out of cuts. Using a tenderizing marinade can help improve tenderness or amplify the flavor of value cuts. If you already have a tender cut of beef, only 15 minutes to 2 hours of marinating time are required to add flavor.Frozen turkeys are usually 99 cents a pound. I like to smoke the wings and drums and save the spine for stock. The breast bone is usually good for a small pot of soup after trimming. Pork loins are also fairly cheap by me, usually between 1.50 and 3.00 per pound. My last batch of jerky was a honey glazed, Korean BBQ.Cooking beef in the instant pot results in tender and flavor meat. If you are tired of the same beef recipes and make one of these 35 instant pot recipes. From Instant Pot Roast to Instant Pot Corned Beef these recipes are made with different cut of meat. Tender beef results a crowd pleasing meal that can be served with make different sides.Whether you’re just starting or a seasoned pro, these 13 tips and tricks will help you save money. Carnivore Diet Beef Jerky is a great way to save money and eat meat. 1. Buy cheaper cuts of meat. You’ll save serious money by selecting the right cuts of meat. There is a huge difference in price across the different cuts.Dec 10, 2022 ... The Round Beef Cut is inexpensive and tough and is often used for hamburger. The Top Round Beef Steak is versatile and can be used in many ...Maleny Black Angus Beef. Location: Maleny. Maleny Black Angus Beef has ‘A Taste’, which is 1/8 Beast for $14.50/kg, a mixed quarter for $13.50/kg, and a half-beast option for $12.50 per kilogram. Delivery Area: Sunshine Coast, …Beef Stewing Cut Closer Look: Brisket ("Point" or "Second Cut") Brisket comes from the breast of a cow and is most often smoked for barbecue and cured to make pastrami, though braising it whole is also popular. It's divided into two parts: the leaner flat (or "first cut") and fattier point ("second cut" or "deckle").The best cheap beef cuts for grilling · Top sirloin · Chuck steak · Skirt steak · Flank steak · Hanger steak. Also known as the “butcher's st...We recommend seasoning and marinating your pork overnight. Followed by a few hours in the slow cooker till your meat slides right off the bone. One of the more inexpensive cuts of pork, the shoulder goes for roughly $1.75 per serving depending on the provider. Get the recipe for Red Chili Pork Tamales. 5 / 10.The Key To Making Cheap Cuts Of Steak Taste Better. Story by Megan Wesley. • 11mo • 3 min read. There's something special you can do to transform your steak into a meal …Apr 15, 2022 · 2. Round Roast ~ $7 a pound. This might be cheating because a round roast or a round steak is like three amazing cuts of meat at once: top round, eye of round, and bottom round. This lean cut is ... Apr 17, 2023 · Chuck Eye Steak. The chuck eye steak is nicknamed the "poor man's rib-eye" by butchers, and it is a fabulous alternative to the splurge steak it is compared to. Known for its rich and beefy flavor, this cut comes from a part of the cow that normally needs low-and-slow cooking methods, like braising, to become tender. If you want to profit from the revolution in digitized personal finance, that's fine. But PSFE stock doesn't represent a successful business. Despite looking cheap, PSFE stock isn'... | Crtqfww (article) | Mucgsc.